ENGLISH 6.

Question: "Resolved, That the best interests of the country require the success of the Democratic party in 1896."

Brief for the Affirmative.G. L. PAINE and F. D. POLLAK.

Best general references: (On foreign policy) Condut in North Am. Rev.., vol. 158 pp. 58-63 (Jan. '94); Schouler in Forum, XVI 670-689 (Feb. '94); Spinger in N. A. R., vol. 157 pp. 745-752 (Dec. '93); A. B. Hart, Practical Essays in American Government, 98-132; Nation, LXI, 238 (Oct. 3, '95). (On the tariff), Cairnes, Leading Principles, ch. 4; Wilson in N. A. R., vol. 159, pp. 385-394 (Oct. '94), Forum, XVI, 544-549 (Feb. '94) and Boston Herald, Aug. 30, '94; Russell in N. A. R., vol. 157, pp. 641-653 (Nov. '93); Taussig in Pol. Sci. Quar., IX, 585-610 (Dec. '94) and In. Jr. Cec., VIII, 1-40 (Oct. '93); Nation, LI, 413; N. A. R., vol. 159, pp. 746-754 (Dec. '94); Pol, Sci. Quar., VI., 596-613 (Dec. '91).

I. The issues between parties on foreign policy and tariff.- (a) Money question is not a partisan issue.- (1) The Democrats are now committed against free silver.- (x) Attitude of their leaders: Cleveland, Wilson, Carlisle, Smith, Morton, Hill, Brice.- (y) State platform of 1895: Kent., Md., Ohio, Io., N. J., N. Y., Pa., Mass.- (2) The Republicans have recently been favorable to silver.- (x) Passage of Sherman Act.- (y) Platforms of 1894: 0., Ind., Me., Del., Mich., Kan., Pa., Geo., Cal.: Tribune Almanac, 1895, 47-83.

II. The foreign policy of the Republican party is that of Jingoism.- (a) Record of Harrison's administration.- (1) Barrundia case: Hart, Ces., in Am. Govt., 121.- (2) Chilean case, Ibid, 131.- (3) Hawaiian case: N. A. R., vol. 158, pp. 57-63; Forum, XVI, 670-689.- (b) Expressions of opinion by leaders: Lodge, in Forum, XIX, 8-17; T. C. Catlin, in N. A. R., vol. 158, pp. 431-2; Roosevelt in Boston Herald, Oct. 25, '95.- (c) General tone of press and platforms.

III. This Jingo policy is bad.- (a) It is unwise.- (1) It is expensive.- (x) Large navy needed.- (2) It will lead to acquisition of unadvisable territory: Hawaii, Cuba.- (x) Such territory is alien and un-American in spirit.- (3) It will make us unpopular abroad and diplomatically weak.- (x) It offends powers we deal with: Ex., Chili: Hart, op. cit. p. 131.- (4) It will lead to unnecessary wars.- (b) It is unjust and wrong.- (1) It leads to dishonorable acts: Hawaii, Chili: Nation, Oct. 3, 1895.

IV. The tariff policy of the Republican party favors a new protective tariff.- (a) Party platforms: N. Y., in N. Y. Tribune, Sept. 18, '95; N. J., Ibid, Sept. 26, '95; Mass., Ibid, Oct. 6, '95.- (b) Utterances of party leaders: McKinley, Foraker and Sherman in N. Y. Tribune, Sept. 11, '95; McKinley in N. Y. Eve. Post, Oct. 25, '95; T. C. Carter in N. A. R., vol. 158 p. 431, Reed in N. A. R., vol. 159 p. 402; Editorial in N. Y. Trib., Aug. 28, '95.

V. High protective duties are bad economically.- (a) Waste capital and labor: Cairnes, Leading Principles, Pt. III, ch. 4, pp. 394 sq.- (1) Prevent best utilization of natural resources.- (b) Hurt manufacturers by raising the price of raw materials: Ibid. p. 402; Petition of Iron and Steel Industries for free iron ore and free coal; N. Am. Rev. Vol. 159. pp. 650, 651.- (c) Injure the 'morale of industry': Cairnes, pp. 402, 403, Pol. Sci. Q. VI. pp. 611, 612.- (1) "Cause manufacturers to rely on legislation more than on their own economy and skill."- (d) Foster trusts and monopolies.- (e) Economists unanimously condemn them: Lalor, Cyclopaedia, III, p. 440.

VI. High protective duties are bad politically.- (a) Cause corruption.- (1) In elections.- (x) Manufacturers spend money to secure favoring protection.- (2) In Congress: A. B. Hart, Forum, XVIII. b. 516.- (y) They induce bribery: Wilson in Bos. Her. Aug. 30, '94.- (y) they induce log-rolling.- (b) Cause sectional hostility.

VII. High protective duties are bad morally.- (a) It takes from the consumer of a protected article to give to the producer.- (b) Universal protection is impossible: Cairnes, pp. 380, 381.- (1) Some industries have no foreign competition.

Brief for the Negative.W. W. ORR and J. G. PALFREY.

Best general references: H. M. Hoyt Protection Versus Free Trade 402-414; H. C. Lodge in Forum XIX 12 ff. and in North American Review vol. 159 p. 275 ff.; North American Review 160 p. 385 ff.; Forum IX 659; Political Science Quarterly, VII, 520; Public Opinion XVII, p. 117.

I. The Republican party represents a souder principal of organized and conservative national government; Political Science Quarterly VII, 520.

II. The Republican party is firmer on the tariff question-(a) Protection is advantageous H. M. Hoyt Protection versus Free Trade 402-414-(b) The policy of the democratic party is unsatisfactory inasmuch as their tariff still stands for no principle.- (1) It is contrary to the declarations of their platform, North American Review, Vol. 159, p. 396; Nation, Aug. 23, 1894, p. 129.- (2) It contains many concessions to protection: Political Science Quarterly IX p. 606.- (3) It contains concessions to private interests: North American Review, Vol. 159, p. 275.- (c) Their tariff bill is unstable.- (1) It satisfies no one: North American Review Vol. 160, 385 ff.- (d) The democratic policy excludes the advantages of reciprocity: Nation, 23 August, 1894, p. 132; 30 August, 1894, p. 149; 1 November, 1894, p. 317; Public Opinion, XVII p. 117, Forum, XIX, 12.

III. The Republican party has a more satisfactory financial policy.- (a) It is more strongly against free silver as shown by-(1) The vote on the repeal of the Sherman silver act: Forum, May, 1894; Public Opinion, Nov. 16, 1893.- (2) The Democratic silver convention: Public Opinion, Aug. 22, 1895.- (3) The withdrawal of Senator Jones from the Republican party: Public Opinion 17, p. 563.- (b) Democratic financial management is incompetent.- (1) They have failed to keep up the gold reserve in spite of their bond issues, Forum 19, p. 659-(2) On account of its leaning to free silver Congress has made no move to relieve the treasury: Forum 19, p. 659. Nation, 26 September, 1895, p. 216.- (3) Appropriate legislation on the part of Congress should have obviated the necessity of the bond issues: Forum XIX, p. 659.

IV. The foreign policy of the Republican party was superior to that of the Democratic party.- (a) The Republican policy was firm and progressive: H. C. Lodge, N. A. Review, 159, p. 271. (1) Shown in our treatment of Chili.- (b) The Democratic policy has been weak.- (1) In Hawaii, H. C. Lodge, Forum XIX, p. 12.- (2) In trying to withdraw from the Samoan treaty, Forum XIX, p. 12. (3) In neglecting the benefits of reciprocity in Canada, Germany, and other lands: Forum XIX, p. 12: Public Opinion, XVII, p. 117.

V. It has been the policy of the Democratic party to so diminish the appropriations due the naval department as to decrease its efficiency and cause the expense of the past to come to nothing. Cong. Rec., Vol. 26, part 5, p. 454, 3.

VI. There is need of immediate,

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